Yarn Construction Basics

(See our Glossaries for specific info)

Twist
Twisting is the technique used to make yard from fiber. Raw fibers are twisted together to form lengths of yarn. It is this twist that gives the yarn form and strength. Twist level refers to how tightly the fibers are twisted together to create the finished yarn. Twist affects the carpet's appearance as well as its long term durability. Higher twist improves resistance to crushing and matting.
Heat-Setting
Heat-setting is the process used to lock in yarn twist. Virtually all twisted yarns are heat-set.
Carpet Construction Basics
Density
Carpet pile is the yarn on the face of the carpet. A quality carpet is marked by a firm, dense pile. Density is how tightly the yard is packed into the pile. To check a carpet's density, bend a corner of the sample back and see how much of the backing shows. The more backing that shows, the less dense and durable that carpet. The most durable carpets have tightly twisted yarns densely packed into the carpet.
Face Weight
Face weight is the amount of fiber, measured in ounces, used in one square yard of a particular carpet. A carpet with a higher face weight is heavier and more luxurious because it simply has more yarn. Other factors being equal, the higher the face weight, the better the carpet.
Fiber Basics
The fiber used in a carpet will determine its wearability. The more you know about fiber, the easier it will be to choose the right carpet for your home.

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